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1. Which of the following is CORRECT about the zero-order elimination process?

A. The removal of a drug is independent of drug concentration 

B. Cl = Elimination rate/Cp 

C. t1/2 = 7VD/Cl 

D. All of the above options are true

2. For highly polar drugs (such as mannitol) what primarily determines the elimination rate?

A. Excretion rate 

B. Metabolism rate 

C. Distribution rate 

D. All of the above

3. According to the equation F = 1 - E, bioavailability is related to which of the following parameters?

A. Excretion 

B. Elimination 

C. Extraction Ratio 

D. Enterohepatic Recycling

4. For most drugs, which of the following equations correctly defines clearance?

A. Cl = Elimination rate/Cp 

B. Cl = QxE 

C. Cl = .7VD/t1/2 

D. All of the above are correct

5. How much of a 10 mg dose of morphine reaches the systemic circulation given F = .24?

A. 24mg 

B. 0.24 mg 

C. 2.4 mg 

D. 4.1 mg

6. Given that the VD = 230 L/70Kg and Cl = 60 L/hr/70 Kg for morphine, approximately how much of a 10 mg IV dose remains after 8 hr, given to a normal 70 Kg patient?

A. 5 mg 

B. 2.5 mg 

C. 1.25 mg 

D. 625 mg

7. Given F = .24, what is the overall hepatic clearance of morphine if the above patient has portal hypertension such that their hepatic blood flow is reduced by 1/2? Assume the clearance value given in the previous question is entirely hepatic clearance.

A. 30 L/hr/70 Kg 

B. 60 L/hr/70 Kg 

C. 120 L/hr/70 Kg 

D. 250 L/hr/70 Kg

8. Which of the following enzymes could directly act on codeine?

A. Glucuronyl transferase 

B. Sulfotransferase 

C. Glutathione transferase 

D. A & B 

9. Which Cytochrome P450 isozyme does not participate appreciably in drug metabolism?

A. CYP1A2 

B. CYP2C9 

C. CYP3A4 

D. CYP51 

10. Which of the following Cytochrome P450 isozymes is responsible for the bulk of phase I metabolism?

A. CYP1A2 

B. CYP2C9 

C. CYP2D6 

D. CYP51 

11. Which of the following enzymes could metabolize ethanol?

A. Cytochrome P450 

B. Alcohol Dehydrogenase 

C. Glucuronyl Transferase 

D. All of the above

12. Which of the following are similarities between Cytochrome P450 and MAO?

A. Both add oxygen from O2 to substrates and also form water 

B. Both carry out direct heteroatom oxidations 

C. Both carry out oxidative deaminations 

D. All of the above

13. What would be the preferred route of metabolism of succinyl choline?

A. Ester hydrolysis 

B. N-oxidation 

C. Glucuronide conjugation 

D. A & B 

14. Which of the following causes the smallest change in solubility?

A. Hydroxylation 

B. Glucuronidation 

C. Sulfation 

D. Glutathione conjugation

15. Cigarette smoke causes an increase in levels of CYP1A isozymes. Theophylline is primarily metabolized by the CYP1A system. What would happen to theophylline clearance for an asthmatic patient in the hospital who could not smoke?

A. No change 

B. Increase 

C. Decrease

16. A trial was conducted between 2 different alpha agonists, referred to as a Drug N and Drug M. The null hypothesis is that both drugs will be equal in their effects on lowering BP. The study concluded that the effects of Drug N were better than Drug M in lowering BP (p-value <0.01) Which of the following statements is correct?

A. Null hypothesis can be rejected   

B. Null hypothesis can be accepted 

C. There is 0.2 % chance that drug M is better 

D. There is 0.2% chance that drug N is better 

17. According to ISMP, which of the following are high alert medications?

 I.    Insulin

 II.   Oxytocin IV 

 III.  Warfarin

 IV.  Digoxin

Choose one of the following...

A. I only 

B. I & II only 

C. II, III & IV only 

D. I, II, III & IV 

18. Providing physical, intellectual and intangible care to a patient is described as:

A. End of life care  

B. Confidentiality  

C. Health Quality of life care 

D. Odds ratio 

19. Which of the following is an example of tertiary literature?

A. Red book 

B. Trissel's 

C. MEDLINE  

D. Embase 

20. Which of the following represents the abbreviation INN?

A. Index of Nationalized Names for Pharmaceutical Substances 

B. International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances   

C. International Proprietary Names 

D. Identify the Nonproprietary Names   

Answer Key

1. A 

2. A 

3. C 

4. D 

5. C 

6. C 

7. A 

8. D 

9. D 

10. D 

11. D 

12. C 

13. C 

14. A 

15. C 

16. A

17. D

18. A

19. B

20. B

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